The research, published in Nature Communications, details how introducing hydrogen molecules (H2) and their ion (H2⁺) into superfluid helium nanodroplets creates an extremely cold (0.37K) environment that promotes quantum effects. These effects, particularly pronounced in light particles like hydrogen nuclei, significantly influence molecular reactions.
Scientists observed that, under these quantum conditions, the formation of the H3⁺ ion accelerates notably compared to reactions conducted in the gas phase via supersonic expansion. This ion is crucial in space chemistry, as it participates in reaction chains that generate complex molecules of great interstellar relevance.
The work, a result of an international collaboration with centers in China and the Autonomous University of Madrid (UAM), allows for the quantification of hydrogen nuclei movement and an understanding of how quantum environments modify reaction speeds in light elements. This represents a key advancement in deciphering processes in interstellar chemistry.
The IFF-CSIC thus solidifies its position as a leader in the research of reactions in quantum environments, thanks to the trajectory of researchers like Octavio Roncero, who contribute to the calculation and design of experiments fundamental to the study of the Universe.
